Which medication class is the first-line treatment for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder?

The first-line treatment for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is CNS stimulants. This class of medications, which includes amphetamines (like Adderall) and methylphenidate (like Ritalin), is particularly effective in increasing attention and decreasing impulsivity and hyperactivity in individuals with ADHD. The stimulants work by enhancing the levels of neurotransmitters such as dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, which are believed to play key roles in attention and behavior regulation.

Clinical guidelines and numerous studies support the use of CNS stimulants as the most effective pharmacological treatment for ADHD, demonstrating significant improvements in symptoms for many patients. In contrast, other medication classes like SSRIs, antipsychotics, and nootropics do not have the same level of evidence supporting their efficacy in treating ADHD, making CNS stimulants the preferred choice in managing the disorder.