What type of substances are typically classified as amphetamines?

Amphetamines are a class of stimulant drugs that affect the central nervous system by increasing the levels of certain neurotransmitters, most notably dopamine and norepinephrine. MDMA, often known as ecstasy, is a psychoactive substance that has both stimulant and hallucinogenic properties, making it somewhat unique among amphetamines. Ritalin (methylphenidate) is commonly prescribed for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and works similarly to amphetamines by enhancing alertness and focus through the modulation of neurotransmitter activity.

Both MDMA and Ritalin share structural similarities with classic amphetamines, and their mechanisms of action align with the stimulant effects typical of this substance class. This classification is vital for understanding their pharmacological effects, potential for abuse, and regulatory status in various medical and societal contexts. The presence of these substances in the correct answer highlights an understanding of the broader category of amphetamines and their implications in both clinical practice and substance use discussions.