What is the main effect of inhalants on the central nervous system?

Inhalants primarily act as central nervous system depressants. When inhaled, they quickly enter the bloodstream and can lead to effects such as sedation, euphoria, impaired motor coordination, and decreased cognitive functioning. These substances often affect neurotransmitters and neural pathways in ways that calm the body and mind, similar to the effects of alcohol and some sedative medications.

The depressant effects can range from mild relaxation to severe sedation, depending on the substance and amount used. Individuals using inhalants may experience a short-lived high characterized by dizziness, slurred speech, and a lack of inhibition, which aligns with the actions of CNS depressants that lower brain activity and impair function.

These characteristics distinguish inhalants from stimulants, which would increase CNS activity, and hallucinogens, which lead to alterations in perception and sensory experiences. While some inhalants also possess anesthetic qualities, the primary effect on the central nervous system is rooted in their depressant properties.